Symptoms and FAQs



Abdominal Pain/Discomfort

The majority of Abdominal Pain issues need extensive diagnostic testing not available at the Immediate Care Clinic. If you are having abdominal pain, consult your physician or go to the Emergency Room.

Abscess

An abscess is caused by a body’s white blood cells surrounding an infected area of tissue and represents your body’s efforts to limit an infection to one area. An abscess manifests as a tender, easily pressed mass generally surrounded by a colored area from pink to deep red, frequently accompanied by swelling. The middle of an abscess is full of pus and debris and they are painful and warm to the touch.

Abscesses can show up any place on your body, most commonly in your armpits (axillae), areas around your anus and vagina (Bartholin gland abscess), the base of your spine (pilonidal abscess), around a tooth (dental abscess), and in your groin. Inflammation around a hair follicle can also lead to the formation of an abscess, which is called a boil (furuncle).

Due to its structure, antibiotics alone will not cure an abscess. Sometimes draining occurs on its own, but in general an abscess must be opened and drained by a doctor in order for it to improve.

Seasonal Allergies

An allergy is an exaggerated normal response of the body’s immune system. People who have allergies experience reactions of their immune system triggered by environmental stimulus that doesn’t actually pose a threat.

Symptoms of an allergic reaction:

  • Itchy, watery eyes
  • Sneezing
  • Itchy, runny nose
  • Rashes
  • Feeling tired or ill
  • Hives (a rash with raised red patches)

Depending on the allergy, exposures to different allergens can cause different allergic reaction. For example, an allergic reaction to food allergens can also cause stomach cramps, vomiting, or diarrhea, while the allergic reaction to a sting from a bee or other insect causes local swelling, redness, and pain.

Sometimes, patients exposed to allergens develop severe allergic reaction. These symptoms require evaluation at the Emergency Department. The most severe allergic reaction is called anaphylaxis. Symptoms of this kind of allergic reaction:

  • Fast pulse
  • Trouble breathing, wheezing
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Swelling of the lips, tongue or throat
  • Hives and itching
  • Pale, cool, damp skin
  • Drowsiness, confusion or loss of consciousness

A severe allergic reaction can cause Anaphylaxis, a life-threatening condition which requires immediate medical attention. Symptoms can progress rapidly, Call 911 or use an EPI Pen if available and previously prescribed, if there’s any suspicion of anaphylaxis.

http://www.aaaai.org/

Asthma Mild(can be treated in the Immediate Care)

Asthma is a chronic condition affecting the airways. Breathing becomes difficult due to the inflammation and subsequent narrowing of the airways that carry oxygen to the lungs. When the airways tighten, inflame or fill with mucus, a patient can experience an asthma attack. Allergies and asthma frequently occur together and people with a family history of asthma have an increased chance for developing the condition. Exposure to allergens can trigger asthma attacks.

Common symptoms include:

  • Coughing, especially at night
  • Wheezing
  • Shortness of breath

Asthma Attack (requires Emergency Department evaluation)

The top warning signs include the following:

  • Wheezing when breathing both in and out
  • Coughing that won't stop
  • Rapid breathing
  • Chest pain or pressure
  • Tightened neck and chest muscles, called retractions
  • Difficulty taking a breath
  • Difficulty talking
  • Feelings of anxiety or panic
  • Pale, sweaty face
  • Blue lips or fingernails
  • Worsening symptoms despite use of your asthma medications

If you experience the symptoms of an asthma attack which do not go away with the use of your asthma medication, seek medical treatment immediately.

Athlete’s Foot

Athlete’s Foot is a rash on the skin of the foot caused by a fungus and you do not have to be an athlete to have the condition. Symptoms include burning or itching sensations and peeling or cracking skin, but Athlete’s foot can also manifest as fluid-filled blisters under the skin, scaly skin between the toes, thickened, cracked skin or infected, crumbling toenails. Fungus thrives in warm, wet places like inside sweaty shoes. Athlete’s foot is highly contagious and can be spread by touch, whether touching the foot of someone with the infection or by walking barefoot on a contaminated surface such as in a locker room or pool deck.

When to seek medical attention:

  • Your feet have severe cracking, scaling, or peeling skin.
  • You have blisters on your feet.
  • You notice signs of bacterial infection, including:
    • Increased pain, swelling, redness, tenderness, or heat.
    • Red streaks extending from the affected area.
    • Discharge of pus.
    • Fever of 100 F or higher with no other cause.
    • The infection appears to be spreading.
  • You have diabetes or diseases associated with poor circulation. People with diabetes are at increased risk of a severe bacterial infection of the foot and leg if they have athlete's foot.
  • Your symptoms do not improve after 2 weeks of treatment or are not gone after 4 weeks of treatment with a nonprescription antifungal medicine.

(http://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/tc/athletes-foot-when-to-call-a-doctor)

Back Pain

Low back is the most common type of back pain; it can affect the back anywhere below the ribs and above the legs. The lower back is the connection between the upper and lower body, and it bears most of the body’s weight. Because of these roles, it is easily injured when you lift, reach, or twist.

Almost everyone has low back pain at one time or another. The good news is that most low back pain will go away in a few weeks with some basic self-care. But if your pain is severe or lasts more than a couple of weeks, see your doctor.

Causes of low back

Low back pain is often caused by overuse, strain, or injury. For instance, people often hurt their backs playing sports or working in the yard, being jolted in a car accident, or lifting something too heavy.

These conditions can be evaluated in the Immediate Care Clinic and treated with anti-inflammatory, muscles relaxants and rarelynarcotics.

Depending on the cause, low back pain can cause a range of symptoms. It may:

  • Be dull, burning, or sharp.
  • Be felt at a single point or over a broad area.
  • Come on gradually or suddenly.
  • Occur with muscle spasms or stiffness.
  • Cause leg symptoms, such as pain, numbness, or tingling, often extending below the knee. These symptoms can occur on their own or along with low back pain. Leg symptoms are often caused by lower spine problems that place pressure on a nerve that leads to the leg.

A rare but serious back problems can occur if the nerves at the end of the spinal cord are squeezed. Seek emergency department treatment if you have:

  • weakness
  • numbness in both legs
  • loss of bladder or bowel control
  • Fever
  • Severe trauma

Bladder Infection

Bronchitis

Bronchitis usually starts with a cold that has spread from the nose and throat into the airways and windpipe and is more prevalent during cold, winter months. Technically, bronchitis is inflammation, swelling and irritation of the air passages that lead from your throat to your lungs which leads to the production of mucus which can make you cough. You can usually be treated at home for this (predominantly) viral infection and may be prescribed antibiotics. Bronchitis is contagious and is spread through the air.

Symptoms

  • Dry, hacking cough that may become productive after a few days of illness
  • Low fever*

*A high fever can be a sign of pneumonia and should be reported immediately to your medical provider.

Contact Your Doctor Immediately if You Have:

  • Shortness of breath or wheezing
  • Pain when breathing
  • Headache or stiff neck
  • Anything other than a low-grade fever
  • Underlying health conditions that might complicate your recovery
  • Excessive weakness or drowsiness
  • Worsening of your condition

To Feel Better

  • Get plenty of rest
  • Drink lots of non-alcoholic fluids
  • Use a humidifier, particularly at night
  • Take cough medicine as prescribed by your care provider
  • Do not smoke
  • Eat healthy foods to help your body fight and recover from the infection

Burns (First Degree/limited and second degree burns can be treated at the Immediate Care Clinic Third Degree require Emergency Department attention.)

There are three degrees of burns that can be caused by the sun, heat or fire, chemicals, electricity or radiation. Regardless of the severity of the burn, there are several steps you should take.

  • Remove or control the cause of the burn as quickly as possible. For example, if chemicals are on clothing, remove it.
  • Never use home remedies like applying butter, petroleum jelly, grease or ice water.
  • Remove clothing and jewelry before swelling sets in unless the clothing is stuck to the burn
  • Elevate the burn to minimize swelling
  • If the burn has blisters, do not break the blisters as it increases infection.
  • Apply cold running water- never ice water- to heat-caused burns

First Degree

Superficial burns that only affect the top layer of the skin, first degree burns usually do not require medical intervention.

Signs of a first degree burn

  • Redness
  • Mild swelling
  • Turn white when you press on them
  • Skin over them may peel off during the healing process.
  • Heals in 3-6 days

If you have signs of a more sever burn, or a burn that is larger than 3 inches, seek medical attention.

http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/first-aid-burns/FA00022

Cellulitis

Cellulitis is a skin infection caused by bacteria that enters the skin through a break in the skin’s surface like a cut, bite, ulcer or sting. It can occur anywhere on the body. It is important to seek medical attention with cellulitis as it can lead to a more serious infection and your care provider can prescribe appropriate antibiotics if necessary.

Usually, you can identify the infection by:

  • Redness
  • Swelling
  • Tenderness
  • Heat

Notify your medical provider immediately if you have signs of a skin infection and any of the following symptoms:

  • The infected area is getting redder, more painful, or larger
  • Red streaks extending from the infected area
  • Fever or chills
  • Diarrhea
  • Worsening of your general condition
  • The infected area is on your face or your groin

Chronic Pain

Many people suffer from chronic pain. The Immediate Care Clinic and the Emergency Departments will not prescribe or refill narcotics for routine use. A Primary Care Provider or a Pain Specialist can diagnosis and prescribe medications that will help control your chronic pain issues.

Cold

The common cold is called ‘common’ for a reason: it can be caused by more than 200 different viruses. Colds are viral, not bacterial which means they cannot be treated by antibiotics. Most symptoms are the same regardless of the specific virus and include:

  • Runny nose
  • Coughing
  • Sneezing
  • Nasal congestion
  • Sore or itchy throat
  • Mucus drainage

When to call your doctor

  • Symptoms continue fore more than 10 days
  • High fever
  • Muscle aches
  • Ear aches
  • Sinus pain

If you have a cold, it makes it harder for your body to fight infection in your lungs. If you have fast breathing or heart rate, severe shaking, chest pain, fever, nausea or vomiting or feel excessively weak or tired, you should see your physician to eliminate the possibility that you have pneumonia which can be very serious.

Is it the flu? Cold and flu symptoms can be similar so use this handy chart to tell the difference.

http://www.flufacts.com/about/cold.aspx

Coughs

Coughing is the body’s natural response to a foreign body in the air passages or lungs and to be rid of excess mucus. Sometimes, a cough is a response to an irritated airway. A cough is not an illness; it is usually the symptom of another condition.

A productive cough refers to a cough that produces sputum, phlegm or mucus. Coughs frequently accompany colds as the body rids itself of excess mucus and can be triggered by mucus draining down the throat. Unfortunately, cold-related coughs are a symptom of a viral illness and cannot be treated with antibiotics. Cold-related coughs can be soothed by appropriate, safe use of over-the-counter cough suppressants. Productive coughs can also be caused by post-nasal drip which is nasal discharge draining down the throat which causes a feeling of needing to ‘clear’ your throat. A productive cough may be a symptom of pneumonia, bronchitis or another type of infection of the lungs or upper airway passages. A cough can also be caused by gastroesophageal reflux disease (*GERD link*) as stomach acid backs up into the esophagus.

A nonproductive cough is dry meaning it does not produce sputum. A nonproductive cough sometimes develops as you are recovering from a viral cold and may last weeks longer than the cold itself. A dry, hacking cough may develop as a result of an irritant, such as dust, fumes or smoke, or as part of an allergic reaction to allergens like dust, pollen or mold. People with a long-lasting dry cough, especially accompanied by wheezing, tightness in the chest or shortness of breath can be a symptom of mild asthma. A nonproductive cough, particularly that worsens at night, can indicate spasms in the bronchial tubes called a bronchospasm. Bronchospasms are caused by irritants.

Children may develop a distinctive harsh, ‘barking’ cough called croup

Croup

Croup is a common respiratory problem in children which can seem very scary for parents, but which is only rarely serious. Croup causes the swelling and narrowing of children’s immature and small breathing tubes and windpipe which can make it hard for your child to breath. Croup usually appears along with cold symptoms and is contagious as it is viral. Croup usually occurs a few days after the start of a cold and is frequently caused by the same viruses that causecolds. Croup is very rare in adults as the maturation of the larynx, trachea and bronchial tubes allows air to pass more freely.

Symptoms

  • Barking, brassy cough
  • Loud, high-pitched, harsh noise with inhalation
  • Raspy, hoarse voice
  • Runny nose
  • Symptoms becoming worse at night

Treatment

Home treatment is usually sufficient to treat croup. If your child has severe croup or has not responded to home treatment, medicines may be used to decrease airway swelling so contact your doctor’s office. If your child’s symptoms last more than 30 minutes without improvement, contact your doctor. In rare cases, a child needs to stay in the hospital for treatment.

  • Help your child stay calm during a croup attack as crying and tension can make the constriction worse.
  • Create an environment where your child can breathe moist air with a humidifier or by filling a bathroom with stream.
  • Breathing cool air can help so bundle up your child and take him outside.
  • Do not smoke near your child.

If your child has severe difficulty breathing, call 911 or other emergency services immediately.

Cuts

Most cuts are relatively minor and can be treated easily at home. It’s important to clean a cut, remove any debris like dirt or splinters immediately and take steps to prevent infection or a minor injury can become much more serious. If you have a cut, stop the bleeding. Assess the injury to determine severity.

Care providers have a number of ways to repair cuts and prevent infection by using stitches, staples or Dermabond, a medically-approved glue for the skin that avoids a second visit for suture removal.

Do I Need Medical Help?

Some types of cuts are more serious and need medical evaluation and treatment to ensure proper care and healing. Seek medical attention if you have a cut that fits in the following categories:

  • Long, deep or gaping cuts.
  • Cuts on a part of the body that cause the cut to open, such as a cut over a joint which will continually open and take a long time to heal.
  • Cuts caused by a bite by an animal or a human.
  • Cuts known as avulsions that remove all layers of the skin like slicing off the tip of a finger; these injuries take a long time to heal and have a greater risk of scarring and infection.
  • Cuts on a delicate or prominent body part that may scar and affect the appearance or function. An injury to the face, for example, which does not heal well may interfere with function or cause a noticeable scar.
  • Cuts that may have damaged underlying tissues such as tendons or nerves which occur most commonly on the hands and feet.
  • Cuts over a possible broken bone.
  • Cuts caused by a crushing injury as they have a high risk of infection. Usually, the skin injury from a crush impact is actually caused by the skin splitting and may require additional care.
  • Cuts with foreign objects embedded in them, such as glass, dirt or splinters.
  • Simple gaping wounds can be managed in the Immediate Care Clinic.

Dental Pain

An abscessed tooth is a painful infection at the root of a tooth or between the gum and a tooth. It's most commonly caused by severe tooth decay. Other causes of tooth abscess are trauma to the tooth, such as when it is broken or chipped, and gingivitis or gum disease.

These problems can cause openings in the tooth enamel, which allows bacteria to infect the center of the tooth (called the pulp). The infection may also spread from the root of the tooth to the bones supporting the tooth.

Symptoms of an Abscessed Tooth

A toothache that is severe and continuous and results in gnawing or throbbing pain or sharp or shooting pain are common symptoms of an abscessed tooth. Other symptoms may include:

  • Pain when chewing
  • Sensitivity of the teeth to hot or cold
  • Bitter taste in the mouth
  • Foul smell to the breath
  • Swollen neck glands
  • General discomfort, uneasiness, or ill feeling
  • Redness and swelling of the gums
  • Swollen area of the upper or lower jaw
  • An open, draining sore on the side of the gum

Severe swelling and or fever needs to be evaluated in the emergency department.

Services for dental issues will be limited to antibiotics and anti-inflammatory pain medication. Definitive treatment will be referred to the community dentists and Oral Surgeons.

Diarrhea

Diarrhea is usually identified by a frequent need to use the bathroom, thin or watery loose stools and abdominal discomfort. The most common cause of diarrhea is a virus that infects the gut. Diarrhea can also be called the *stomach flu or intestinal flu*. Diarrhea can be caused by food poisoning, allergies, medications, laxative abuse, eating foods that upset the digestive system or infection by organisms such as through unclean water.

Symptoms of diarrhea include:

  • Abdominal bloating or cramps
  • Thin or loose stools
  • Watery stool
  • Sense of urgency to have a bowel movement
  • Nausea and vomiting

A mild case of diarrhea unaccompanied by other symptoms should be allowed to run its course with optional treatment by over-the-counter remedies. These remedies are available as liquids or tablets; common brand names include Pepto-Bismol, Kaopectate or Imodium A-D and most are also available in generic versions. Drink plenty of liquids frequently in small amounts. Avoid fruit juices with pulp and caffeinated beverages.

Seek medical attention if you have the symptoms above accompanied by:

  • Fever
  • Blood, mucus or undigested food in the stool
  • Vomiting that prevents you from drinking liquids to replace lost fluids
  • Symptoms lasting more than 48 hours
  • Weight loss

Dislocation (other than digits, fingers/toes, dislocations need to be managed in the Emergency Department)

Because it may be difficult to tell whether or not the joint is dislocated, it's important to get emergency medical assistance and to keep the victim still while immobilizing the affected area. Trying to move a dislocated joint back into place can damage the joint and its surrounding tissues, worsening the injury and chance of recovery; relocation is the responsibility of trained medical personnel. To help prevent shock, lay the victim flat, elevate the feet about 12 inches and cover the victim with a blanket. Do not move the victim if you suspect a head, back, or leg injury.

  • DO NOT move the victim unless the injured area is completely immobilized.
  • DO NOT move the victim if there is a chance of a neck injury.
  • DO NOT move the victim with an injured hip, pelvis, or upper leg unless it is absolutely necessary. If you must move the victim immediately, drag him or her by the clothing.
  • DO NOT attempt to straighten a misshapen bone or joint or to change its position.
  • DO NOT test a misshapen bone or joint for loss of function.
  • DO NOT give the victim anything by mouth.

Ear Infection (ear pain)

The eustachian tubes connect the middle ear to the throat. During an illness like a cold, a sinus infection or during an allergy attack, the eustachian tubes can become blocked by inflammation which blocks fluid which normally drains from the ear to the throat. This blockage causes a warm, moist place in which bacteria can easily grow, causing an ear infection. Ear infections are most common in children. While they are usually caused by bacteria, they can also be viral.

Symptoms

  • Earaches which can be mild or extremely painful. Babies who are too young to communicate their discomfort will tug at or rub their ears when they have ear infections.
  • Trouble sleeping
  • Grumpiness
  • Trouble hearing
  • Balance problems
  • Cracking or popping of the ears and a feeling of fullness or pressure
  • Fever
  • Loss of appetite
  • Drainage from the ear that is thick and yellow or even bloody. This indicates a burst eardrum which will usually heal on its own after a couple of weeks.

Antibiotics, can help get rid of the infection if it is caused by bacteria. An ear infection caused by a virus will not be helped by antibiotics.

Eye Infection (Pinkeye, runny eyes)

Eye infections are also called conjunctivitis and there are three different forms. Different treatment options are available depending on the cause: bacterial, allergic or viral. Sponging the outside of your eye with a warm, wet washcloth or cotton ball will stimulate healing.

Regardless of the cause, you should contact your care provider if you develop the following symptoms:

  • Eye pain
  • An eyelid that becomes very swollen or red
  • Blurred vision
  • Fever
  • Sensitivity to light
  • Symptoms that do not improve after treatment or which last more than 7 days

Viral

Viral eye infections are caused by viruses and are what people mean when they refer to pinkeye or viral conjunctivitis.

Viral Symptoms

  • Redness or pinkness of the white of the eye
  • Redness of the inner part of the eyelids
  • Puffy eyelids
  • Watering eye
  • Itching or burning

Bacterial

Eye infections caused by bacteria frequently accompany colds and are identifiable by pus in the eye. These infections should clear up within 72 hours with antibiotic eye drops or creams which require a prescription. Bacterial eye infections are very contagious so wash your hands frequently and don’t rub your eyes.

Bacterial Symptoms

  • Yellow discharge in the eye (darker and more profuse than normal “sleep” in the eye in the morning)
  • Puffy eyelids
  • Eyelids and lashes stuck together with discharge especially after waking up
  • Redness or pinkness in the white of the eye
  • Itching or burning

Allergic

Conjunctivitis caused by allergies is not contagious. It frequently occurs at the same time every year or after exposure to certain allergens.

Allergic Symptoms

  • Redness and swelling of the eye
  • Tearing and watering
  • Itching
  • White, stringy drainage
  • Usually accompanied by ear and throat allergy symptoms like sneezing, runny nose, scratchy throat, etc.

Fever

Humans have an average body temperature of 98.6° F. Individuals find that their specific body temperatures vary slightly from this average and can change by as much as a couple of degrees during the course of the day and depending on activity, weather, and clothing. Regardless of what’s normal for you, you do not have a fever until you have an oral temperature of 100.5° F or higher. A fever is the body’s natural and healthy response by the immune system to infections and other illnesses. Fevers are most often caused by viral infections like a cold or the flu or bacterial infections such as urinary tract infections, but immunizations and medications can also cause an elevated body temperature. Most healthy children over the age of 4 and adults can withstand a temperature of up to 104° F for short periods without any negative effects.

Because fevers are a symptom, not a disease, it is important to evaluate a fever in the context of other symptoms.

If you have a fever that is not accompanied by other concerning symptoms, try the following:

  • Wear light clothing and use light bedclothes
  • Take a cool shower but do not cool yourself to the point that you begin shivering as this is the body’s natural effort to warm itself and can increase a fever.
  • Take acetaminophen, a fever reducer, like Tylenol
  • Drink plenty of fluids, at least 10 glasses a day in adults
  • Adjust the temperature in your home to 70° F or cooler

Fevers in Children

Taking a temperature orally or rectally is the most effective, accurate way to gauge a fever. Temperatures can also be taken in the armpit or ear or using forehead temperature strips or pacifier thermometers. However, these methods may be less reliable.

If your child is 2 months of age or younger with a fever of 100.4° F or higher, contact your medical care provider immediately. Otherwise, use this helpful chart to determine your best course of action for treating your child’s temperature. Febrile infants need to be evaluated by a Pediatrician or in the Emergency Department. http://familydoctor.org/online/famdocen/home/tools/symptom/504.html

Flu (Influenza)

More commonly called ‘flu’, influenza is an extremely contagious viral illness of the respiratory system which occurs most commonly during flu season in the winter and early spring. Flu is difficult to treat as new strains of flu virus evolve every few years and antibiotics do not treat viral infections. Getting a flu shot will protect you from only the particular strain that epidemiologists identify as being a particular threat for one flu season. Contrary to popular belief, the flu does not involve any gastrointestinal symptoms. The term ‘stomach flu’ is usually used by patients to describe gastroenteritis which is marked by symptoms like abdominal cramps, nausea and vomiting and diarrhea.

Infants, the elderly, and people with chronic ailments such as diabetes, and HIV/AIDS are at highest risk for flu complications which can be life-threatening and should be evaluated in the Emergency Department.

Cold versus Flu

It can be challenging to tell the difference between a cold and the flu as many of the symptoms are similar. While both illnesses are viral infections of the respiratory tract, symptoms of the flu are much worse. Flu symptoms include fatigue, fever, headache, and respiratory congestion. Flu symptoms come on very abruptly and-unlike with a cold- you can go from feeling fine to having the flu in a short number of hours.

Is it just a cold? Cold and flu symptoms can be confusing so use this handy chart to tell the difference.

http://www.flufacts.com/about/cold.aspx

Gastroenteritis

Bacteria from spoiled food, viruses passed by improper hand washing or parasites from unclean water can cause gastroenteritis, the inflammation and irritation of the gastrointestinal tract. Intolerances in some people to certain foods like lactose can also cause gastroenteritis. The most common symptoms are vomiting, diarrhea, gas, cramping and stomach discomfort. Gastroenteritis is frequently called the ‘stomach flu’ although it does not have anything to do with the flu virus. When someone talks about having ‘food poisoning’, they are usually referring to a case of gastroenteritis caused by improperly prepared food.

Healthy adults and children over the age of 12 months can usually recover fairly quickly from the symptoms of gastroenteritis as long as they consume plenty of fluids and replace lost electrolytes. However, the elderly, infants and patients with other health conditions can be in danger from dehydration.

It’s important to take good care of yourself if you have gastroenteritis.

  • Rest
  • Drink plenty of fluids including a sports drink that contains electrolytes to replace those lost through vomiting and diarrhea
  • Eat a bland diet and ease back into your normal eating habits
  • Consult your medical care provider if your symptoms last more than 7 days

GERD (heartburn or acid reflux)

Gastro-esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is frequently referred to as heartburn. GERD is caused by acid from the stomach making its way into the esophagus- which carries food from the mouth to the stomach- and causing irritation of the esophagus. Symptoms of GERD include a burning feeling in the chest, a sour taste in the mouth, a hoarse voice and a chronic cough.

If you experience GERD only after spicy or greasy meals, acidic foods like citrus or tomatoes, large meals or other consistent triggers, you should be able to treat it with over the counter medications and by avoiding lying down for at least 90 minutes after eating. If you have GERD symptoms consistently regardless of your diets, it can indicate a more serious problem and you should consult with your healthcare provider.

To treat GERD

  • Avoid eating foods that trigger your symptoms like spicy or greasy foods, caffeine, mint, etc.
  • Don’t lie down after you eat for at least 90 minutes
  • Take an over-the-counter medication like Tums or Rolaids for mild symptoms. For more consistent symptoms or if you know you’re going to eat a trigger food, try Prilosec (generic name: omeprazole) which can prevent the symptoms of GERD.

Headaches (patients with known history of headaches/migraines having the typical symptoms can be managed in the Immediate Care Clinic.)

Headaches can have many causes, some of which are not medical like tension or stress. Headaches can also be caused be colds or viral infections and some people are prone to migraine headaches.

In very rare cases, headaches can be caused by more serious medical conditions like tumors or bleeding in the brain so persistent, unexplained symptoms should be investigated. Notify your care provider or go to the Emergency Room if you have a headache with the following symptoms:

  • Fever or chills
  • Repeated vomiting
  • Vision difficulty
  • A loss of consciousness
  • Unusual numbness or weakness, particularly on one side of the body
  • Severe pain that does not respond to medication
  • Confusion
  • Stiffness in your neck

Minor headaches can be treated at home with rest and over the counter medications like ibuprofen. Massage of sore muscles in the shoulders or neck can be helpful for pain relief.

Heartburn

Hemorrhoids

Many people have hemorrhoids at some point in their lives. They are simply swollen veins in the anus, either internally or externally, which can be caused by diarrhea, constipation or straining to have a bowel movement which increase pressure on veins around the anus. Pregnant women experience hemorrhoids. While they can be very painful, hemorrhoids are not usually serious. Symptoms of hemorrhoids are itching, discomfort or pain and a small amount of blood on toilet tissue after cleaning the anus. Hemorrhoids do not cause a significant amount of blood in the stool which can be a symptom of a more serious medical condition and should be addressed by your physician.

To alleviate hemorrhoids, try introducing more fiber into your diet, increasing your intake of fluids, avoid sitting on the toilet for long periods and take a stool softener until your symptoms subside. If you experience severe pain or have symptoms that do not clear up, contact your physician.

Genital Infections

Influenza (flu)

Intestinal Flu Influenza and Diarrhea

Kidney Infection

Pneumonia

Pneumonia is a lung infection can be caused by either a virus or bacteria. Pneumonia frequently follows a bout with a cold or flu because your lungs are weakened and more prone to infection. Chronic diseases like diabetes and asthma also make you more likely to develop pneumonia. Anyone can get pneumonia at almost any time and heal within 2-3 weeks. However, the elderly, children and infants and patients with other health challenges may become life-threateningly ill.

Symptoms

  • Symptoms of pneumonia typically come on very quickly.
  • Productive cough frequently with yellow or green mucus
  • Fever accompanied by teeth-chattering chills or shaking
  • Shortness of breath or rapid breathing
  • Nausea, vomiting or diarrhea
  • Chest pain especially when coughing or inhaling
  • General weakness or tiredness

Rash

A rash is a broad term describing any abnormal change in the skin’s normal color or texture. Rashes can have many causes like irritation, infection, allergic reaction, even stress. The treatment of rashes varies with the cause. Generally, rash treatment includes:

  • Moisturizing with an unscented lotion
  • Exposing a rash to air
  • Resist scratching a rash as it can cause further irritation or, depending on the cause, spread the rash
  • Avoiding hot water and sudden changes in temperature
  • Increasing humidity in your environment
  • Avoiding situations that cause excess perspiration
  • Avoiding course materials like wool
  • Avoiding chemicals like harsh soaps or detergents
  • Reducing stress

If your rash does not clear up within 2-3 days or if it’s accompanied by other symptoms such as of a serious allergic reaction or infection, you should see your medical care provider immediately.

If you have a child experiencing diaper rash, here is more information.

http://children.webmd.com/tc/diaper-rash-topic-overview

Sexually Transmitted Diseases/Sexually Transmitted Infections

http://www.webmd.com/sexual-conditions/sexually-transmitted-diseases

Sinus Infection (Sinusitis)

A sinus infection or sinusitis can seem like a nasty cold but it has symptoms most patients do not experience. The main symptoms of acute sinusitis include:

  • Facial pain/pressure
  • Nasal stuffiness or congestion
  • Nasal discharge that is thick or green
  • Loss of smell
  • Cough/congestion
  • Fever
  • Bad breath
  • Fatigue
  • Tooth or jaw pain

Depending on the severity, sinusitis can be treated at home with decongestants and steam inhalation or it may require a doctor’s visit and antibiotics to clear up. Because sinusitis is an infection, it can be serious if untreated. Some people get chronic sinusitis and can have symptoms for many weeks. If your symptoms do not clear up or if you feel that your condition is getting worse, you should contact your care provider.

Sleep Challenges/Problems

High Desert Sleep Center

Sore Throat (Strep)

A sore throat is caused by the inflammation of the throat (pharynx) which is caused by a virus or bacteria. A sore throat can range from scratchiness to severe pain, especially when swallowing. The symptoms of a sore throat frequently accompany other illnesses like colds or the flu or a bout with allergies. Less frequently, sore throats can be caused by environmental irritants like smoke or heartburn (GERD) or from swallowing a sharp food that injured the throat.

Like many other illnesses, sore throats can be caused by either viruses or bacteria. Viral infections cannot be treated by antibiotics and should resolve by themselves within 5-7 days; viral sore throats are most commonly accompanied by symptoms of the common cold. Bacterial infections can be treated by antibiotics. Sore throats can be caused by streptococcal (strep) bacteria. There are many different types of strep bacteria and some cause more serious illness than others. Strep throat normally comes on very quickly and is not accompanied by the normal symptoms of a cold. If you have a sore throat accompanied by a fever over 101° F or other reason to think your sore throat might be caused by strep, you should contact your medical care provider to get a rapid strep test and determine if you need antibiotics. You should seek evaluation at theEmergency Department if you are having trouble swallowing or breathing.

Feeling Better

  • Get plenty of rest
  • Eat soft foods
  • Get plenty of liquids
  • Take an over the counter pain reliever like acetaminophen or aspirin. Children under 18 years of age should not take aspirin products because of the risk of Reye’s Syndrome.
  • Try over the counter throat lozenges or mouthwashes
  • Gargle with warm salt water (1/2 teaspoon salt to 8 oz of water)

Sprains/Strains

A sprain to a joins is caused by damage to ligaments. A strain is the same injury but to muscle tissue rather than ligaments. Injuries of this type are most often caused by a sudden over-stretching but can also be caused by chronic overuse. The term ‘sprain’ can describe a stretched ligament or a ligament that has been torn or ruptured which is more serious. Being overweight, inactive or in poor physical condition increase the odds of injuries of this nature. Warming up and stretching prior to physical activity can help alleviate the risks. With time and rest, most sprains and strains will heal themselves. If pain continues after a normal healing period, there is distortion of the joint or other cause for concern; you should consult your health care provider to rule out a more serious injury.

Care for Sprains/Strains

Caring for both sprains and strains is similar and frequently referred to by the acronym RICE.

  • Rest the inured part and avoid unnecessary motion
  • Ice the area several times a day for 10-15 minutes at a time. Put a buffer between the ice and your skin to protect your skin from damage
  • Compression. To reduce inflammation, wrap the area with a soft bandage. Do not wrap the bandage too tightly as this can reduce circulation too much.
  • Elevation. Try to keep the injured area above the heart. Lying down can help make this easier.
  • Take an anti-inflammatory like Ibuprofen to reduce swelling, inflammation and pain
  • Protect the area from further injury

Stomach Flu See Diarrhea, Gastroenteritis or Influenza

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

A urinary tract infection, commonly called a bladder infection, is an infection of the urinary system, usually the lower urinary tract comprised of the urethra and the bladder. Urinary tract infections are much more common in women than in men. UTIs begin in the urinary tract and, when they’re limited to the bladder, they can be painful and irritating. However, UTIs can spread into the kidneys, if this happens, it is very important to seek medical attention and begin taking antibiotics to avoid complications.

Symptoms of a Urinary Tract Infection

  • A strong, persistent urge to urinate and passing very little urine
  • A burning sensation when urinating
  • Blood in the urine
  • Cloudy, strong-smelling urine
  • Bacteria in the urine which a test at your care provider’s office can discover

If you have symptoms of a UTI, you should seek medical care immediately as it can quickly become serious.

Vomiting

  • Appendicitis
  • Diarrhea
  • Gastroenteritis

Yeast Infection

Yeast is a microscopic fungi that lives in warm, moist areas of the body. Under some conditions, they can become so numerous that they cause an infection. Common examples are thrush in the mouth, diaper rashes and vaginal yeast infections. More information on yeast infections.

A vaginal yeast infection is caused by a change in the natural chemical balance of the vagina. These changes can be caused by a number of factors like hormones, stress, taking antibiotics or diabetes. This imbalance allows the yeast to multiply and leads to an infection.

Symptoms

  • Itching
  • Soreness
  • Burning or pain during intercourse or urination
  • Thick, clumpy white discharge

If this is the first time you’ve had these symptoms, it's important to consult your healthcare provider and it’s easy to guess wrong about a vaginal infection. If you are pregnant and experiencing the signs of a yeast infection it is important to consult your doctor before using any over the counter medicine. If you’ve been treated for a vaginal yeast infection previously and you recognize the symptoms, you can treat yourself at home with over the counter medications. These medications can impact the effectiveness of condoms or diaphragms so it’s important to use a back-up method of birth control. If you have more than 4 yeast infections in a year, you should see your doctor to ensure your symptoms are not being cause by an underlying health condition.